A package of 2025 CA legislation aptly refocused on system cost drivers rather than cuts to energy programs. AB 825 was amended to cut energy costs and improve grid reliability by joining a Western regional power market. SB 254 sets up a public financing system to build new transmission lines, and bars utilities from earning profit on the next $6 billion spent on wildfire-safety upgrades. In addition, AB 1167 (the California Ratepayer Protection Act) prohibits investor-owned utilities from charging customers for political lobbying, promotional advertising, and shareholder-related expenses, requires transparency about who pays for utility ads, and mandates financial penalties for violations. Oregon’s HB 3546 creates a classification of service for large energy use facilities (e.g. data centers) with rates proportionate to the costs of service.